A learning theory is an attempt to describe how people and animals learn they help us understand how learning occurs there are three philosophical frameworks behaviorism,information processing theory, and constructivism.
Behaviorism is defined as internal processes observable through behaviors. Cause and effect relationship are the focus of the theory. Behavior can be modified through reinforcement and the learner is conditioned.
One way to do this is classical conditioning it is the used by creating relationships through associations. Pavlov overtime trained a dog to salivate by just ringing a bell because he associated it with getting a treat. Other examples include advertising, sales, and a whistle on a sports field.
The second type of conditioning is operant conditioning it uses consequences to control responses.
Behaviorism is essentially what advertising is trying to accomplish. Advertising wants to change buyers habits and grow a large fan base behind a brand. Without understanding how people behave and the necessary requirements to change those behaviors advertising would not be effective. Advertisers use persuasion to show the benefits of products and gain market share. When advertising misses its goals it is clear that the marketers didn't understand the underlying behaviors of their target market.
Click here to see an example from The Office of Pavlov's theory. I chose this to display another example of how classical conditioning works. It is a funny video but does a great job of getting the point across and demonstrating classical conditioning.
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